Choose faithful judgments about the banking system. Theoretical judgments about banks and banking in the macroeconomic environment
It is well known that significant attention in the discussion of banks and banking activities, the focus is on the study of individual financial institutionsIn the course of their activities, not only faced the problem of insufficient solvency, liquidity and sustainability, missed risks in banking and were subsequently recognized by bankrupt. It often turns out that these organizations were poorly managed, sometimes the facts of financial fraud were revealed. Analysis of such situations in retrospective allowed to establish flaws in the control system and adjustment
The purpose of this reasoning is not a task to explore all types of banking activities or to identify the causes of non-payments or bankruptcy of a certain commercial Bank, first of all, because there are no two absolutely identical as internal and external situations and factors affecting the state of the bank that could be used to compare the bank experiencing problems with the analyzed acting Bank. And even in the case of such an analysis, its results will be sufficiently uncertain, as it will only be a forecast. In addition, speaking of banks and banking activities, it should be borne in mind that all commercial banks operate in constantly changing economic conditions, to predict which with a sufficient possible probability is not only possible, but also the same factors can affect one or another bank differently. The inner factors that are the most important of which are the Bank Management System, its potential, the ability to properly use the existing and foresee decisions taken and operations are also different for each specific bank.
Despite the above features of the functioning, there is still an opportunity, speaking of banks and banking activities, establish signs of banks, recognized by bankrupt And later eliminated, which will be based primarily on the conduct of a quantitative intelligence analysis financial statements Considered institutions. The goal is to substantiate the existence of a sustainable causal relationship between changes in the macroeconomic environment, the state of banks and assess the impact of the fact of closing commercial banks on the state of such an environment. At the same time, in order to assess this influence, we define an indicator of the annual probability of the default of commercial banks by the method of moments, as a result of the calculation of which a discrete number of annual indicators will be obtained. Mapping them with will establish and confirm the presence of such a dependency. It should be taken into account that this indicator is exclusively abstract and applies only to further comparing the change in the state of the system of commercial banks with selected macroeconomic indicators. Speaking specifically about banks and banking activities, it can be argued that this indicator illustrates how the probability of the default of existing commercial banks changes in a certain calendar year, with other things being equal (both internal and external), depending on the number of banks being liquidated.
It should be noted that the method of the moments is widely used in modeling and studying correlation bonds of had defaults from assets in international practice when assessing the probability of the default of the assets portfolio and is called ASSET-Value Approach.
In addition to the method of moments to achieve similar results, the maximum likelihood approach can also be applied.
Tasks of the EEE on the topic "Banks"
3. The following is a series of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, belong to the concept of "Methods of monetary reform"
1) deflation; 2) denomination; 3) diversification; 4) Differentiation; 5) devaluation; 6) revaluation. Find two terms dropping out of the row, and write the numbers under which they are indicated.
9 . Bank S. Credits the development of innovations, introduction N-T. Achievements. Select from the list of list Characteristics of this bank and write the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) savings bank 2) central bank 3) Innovative Bank
4) Specialized Bank 5) Credit Financial Organization
6) Insurance Company
8. Install the correspondence between the securities and the species to which they relate: to each Positions given in the first column, select the appropriate position from the second column.
Securities types of securities
A) privatization voucher 1) loan certificate
B) bill 2) certificate of ownership
C) Bond
D) action
E) savings certificate
9. Bank L represents financing and long-term lending, investing in industry, construction and other industries, as well as in securities. Select from the given list the characteristics of this bank and write the numbers under which they are specified.
1) mortgage bank 2) Credit Financial Organization 3) investment bank 4) Savings Bank 5) Specialized Bank 6) Insurance Company
1. Write down the word missed in the table fragment.
Specialized banks
8. Set the correspondence between the functions and levels of the banking system to which they relate: To each position given in the first column, select the appropriate position from the second column.
Functions of the banking system levels
A) enterprises lending 1) Central Bank
B) monetary emission 2) commercial banks
C) Calculate customer service
D) mobilization of free money Population
E) storage of gold reserves of the country
2 . In the above number, find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts. Write down this word (phrase).
Savings bank; Mortgage Bank; Specialized Bank; Investment bank, innovative bank.
7 . Choose faithful judgments About securities and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
1) The action is a certificate of monetary deposit in a bank on the return of this contribution and interest on it after a prescribed period.
2) a valuable paper certifying the ownership of the company's capital and the giving the right to receive part of its profits is called a promotion.
3) Securities are registered and for bearer.
4) The bond gives its owner the right to participate in the management of the company and receive dividends.
5) A bill gives the owner the right to demand its repayment on time.
25. What is the point of social sciences in the concept banking system? Attracting knowledge of a social science course Make two sentences: one sentence containing information on the functions of the banking system, and one proposal that reveals the structure of the banking system of countries with developed economy.
20. Read the following text, in which a number of words missed. Select from the alleged list of the words you want to insert into the place of pass.
"Stock _________ (a) is a place where the purchase takes place is the sale of securities. Its activity B. developed countries It is under rigid control from _________ (b). From the average __________ (c) of the prisoners on it the transactions develop ____________ (d) of securities (shares and __________ (d) issued by individual __________ (e).
List of terms:
- Course 2) Contract 3) Price 4) State 5) Company 6) Infrastructure
7) Exchange 8) Information 9) Bond
20. Read the following text in which a number of words are missed. Select from the proposed list of the words you want to insert on the place of pass.
"Monetary policies are the measures conducted by the Government through the Central Bank cash circulation and ____________ (a) aimed at ensuring the sustainable, effective functioning of the economy. The purpose of the monetary policy is to help the economy in achieving this level ______________ (b), which will ensure complete ____________ (c) and the absence (d). Operations on open market Conducts the Central Bank, which sells government securities, paying the high _________ (e) on them, attracts funds for investors to cover the budget __________ (e). "
List of terms: 1) percentage 2) deficiency 3) Employment 4) Deposit 5) Production 6) Credit 7) Mortgage 8) Inflation 9) Modernization
7. Select faithful judgments about financial institutions and write down the numbers under which they are specified.
1) The Central Bank carries out emissions of money and is the main link financial and credit system countries.
2) All financial institutions accept deposits / deposits.
3) Pension funds Specialize in lending to sales of consumer goods in installments and issuing consumer loans.
4) The Central Bank establishes the discount rate.
5) Financial institutions provide services for the transfer of funds and providing loans.
Answers:
3)-3,4
9)-3,4,5
25) B.S. A combination of banks operating in the country, credit institutions and individual economic organizationsPerforming bank operations. 1) B.S. regulates inflation payment balance, Provides the economic growth. 2) In countries with a developed economy, a two-level system has emerged: the Central Bank and commercial banks and credit and financial organizations.
8)21121
9) 235
1) Mortgage
8) 21221
2) Specialized Bank
7) 235
20) 743195
20) 653812
Banking system 10 class
2 Are the following judgments about the central bank are true?
A. The Central Bank heads commercial banks and manages their activities.
B. The Central Bank controls the amount of money supply and makes emission of money.
1)true only A.
2)
right only B.
3)
both judgments are true
4)
both judgments are incorrect
3 Are the following banking system judgments are true?
The central bank lends commercial banks.
Commercial banks work with savings of citizens and capital of firms.
1)true only A.
2)
right only B.
3)
both judgments are true
4)
both judgments are incorrect
4 central bank
1)takes contribution of citizens
2)
given mortgage loans
3)
carries out emission of money
4)
approves laws regulating economic activities
5 Central Bank, in contrast to commercial banks,
1)performs financial operations
2)
produces money emission
3)
participates in bidding on the currency exchange
4)
works with deposits of citizens and firms
6 Are the following judgments about financial institutions true?
Financial institutions include banks and insurance companies.
Through financial institutions in market economy Media is allocated for reference economic activity.
1)true only A.
2)
right only B.
3)
both judgments are true
4)
both judgments are incorrect
7 The growth of consumer savings in the first place contributes
1)improving the quality of goods and services
2)
increase income
3)
no food deficiency
4)
increase income tax
8 Central Bank of the Russian Federation
1)takes on account savings
2)
issues loans to citizens and firms
3)
licensing commercial banks
4)
approves the state budget
9 Which of the given situations is about mortgage loan?
1)Citizen M. took a loan for the purchase of a mink fur coat at the bank.
2)
Citizen N. made a loan for the purchase of an apartment.
3)
The trading network received a loan for the purchase of goods in a commercial bank.
4)
State enterprise Received a loan for the purchase of equipment.
10 Below is a list of terms. All of them, with the exception of two, characterize the concept of "Central Bank".
1) Emission of money; 2) licensing of financial organizations; 3) establishment accounting; 4) Adoption state budget; 5) opening deposits; 6) ensuring government calculations.
Find two terms "dropping" from the total row, and write down the numbers in the table under which they are indicated
12 central bank
1)attracts household savings deposits
2)
performs monetary emission
3)
issues consumer loans
4)
financing commercial firms
13 Bank Z is located in the business district of the state capital. For what features can be installed that Z–
numbers 1)The bank carries out emission of money.
2)
The bank carries out lending to individuals.
3)
The bank attracts to deposits of citizens and firms.
4)
The Bank licenses the activities of financial organizations.
5)
The Bank establishes a percentage rate.
6)
The bank serves calculations of firms.
14 Below is a list of functions performed by banks. All of them,
1) Storage of the gold reserve of the state ; 2) Purchase and sale of currency ; 3) Sale of road checks ; 4) Service Accounts Service ; 5) Money monopoly emission ; 6) .
15 In the country Z, there is a two-level banking system, a central and commercial banks are functioning. Find the list of the central bank function in the list. Write downnumbers under which they are indicated.
1)2)
3)
opening of deposits and accounts to individuals
4)
monopoly emission of money
5)
definition of key (accounting) interest rates
6)
taking communal payments
numbers under which they are indicated. 1)interest on credit
2)
wage
3)
interest on contribution
4)
dividends
5)
6)
FunctionsLevels of the banking system
BUT)monopoly emission of money
B)
lending to the population
IN)
storage of gold reserves of the state
D)
licensing of financial organizations
E)
making payments between firms
1)central bank
2)
commercial banks
Write in the table selected numbers under the appropriate letters.
18 office financial organization N is located in the suburb of the capital of the state. For what signs can be established that n–
numbers under which these signs are indicated. 1)The organization stores the country's gold reserves.
2)
The organization forms investment portfolios firms.
3)
The organization serves calculations of firms.
4)
The organization carries out money transfers.
5)
The organization establishes a key (accounting) interest rate.
6)
The organization is monopoloous by emission of money.
19 Below is a list of functions performed by banks. All of them,
with the exception of two, refer to the field of business banks.
1) Opening and maintenance of bank cards ; 2) Purchase and sale of currency ; 3) Taking funds from citizens to a deposit ; 4) Service Accounts Service ; 5) Purpose of key (accounting) rates ; 6) Money emission .
Find two functions, "dropping" from the total row, and write the numbers in the table under which they are indicated.
20 The following is a list of functions performed by banks. All of them, with the exception of two, belong to the sphere of activity of commercial banks.
1) Installation of key (accounting) interest rate ; 2) Purchase and sale of currency ; 3) Sale of road checks ; 4) Service Accounts Service ; 5) Implementation of money emissions ; 6) Opening and maintenance of citizens deposits .
Find two functions, "dropping" from the total row, and write the numbers in the table under which they are indicated.
21 Below is a list of functions. All of them, with the exception of two, refer to the functions of the Central Bank.
1) money emission ; 2) licensing of financial organizations ; 3) establishment key (accountable) rates ; 4) Adoption of the state budget ; 5) opening deposits of individuals ; 6) storage of gold and foreign exchange reserves .
Find two functions, "dropping" from the total row, and write the numbers in the table under which they are indicated.
22 The following is a list of functions performed by banks. All of them, with the exception of two, belong to the sphere of activity of commercial banks.
1) Service deposits ; 2) currency exchange ; 3) Setting key (accounting) rates ; 4) Consumer loan issuance ; 5) Monopoly emission of money ; 6) Consultation on financial issues .
Find two functions, "dropping" from the total row, and write the numbers in the table under which they are indicated.
Write down in H.
Answers to tasks 1-20 is a digit, or a sequence of numbers, or the word (phrase). Record the responses to the field to the right of the task number without spaces, commas and other additional characters.
1
Write down the word missed in the table.
Human rights and freedoms and citizen
2
In the above, find a concept that is generalizing for all other concepts. Write down this word (phrase).
1) general elections; 2) parliamentary democracy; 3) the government responsible to parliament; 4) deputies from the opposition; 5) Equality before the law.
3
Below is a list of rights and obligations. All of them, with the exception of two, only belong to the rights of the employee.
1) take care of the property of the employer, 2) to receive wages in a timely manner and in full, 3) to work in conditions that meet the requirements of security and hygiene, 4) to conscientiously execute their labor functions, 5) to have full reliable information about working conditions, 6 ) To enter into an employment contract.
Find two terms, "dropping" from the general range, and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.
4
Choose the right judgments about self-esteem and write the numbers under which they are specified.
1. Self-esteem is the initial point of self-knowledge.
2. A person forms self-esteem, comparing himself with others.
3. An overvisory self-assessment is always the result of its real achievements.
4. People with low self-esteem spend a comparison with others, only being confident in success.
5. Improved self-esteem contributes to the development of leadership qualities.
5
Set the correspondence between the feature (designated by the letters) and the type of activity to which it relates (indicated by numbers).
6
In the country z, education reform is carried out. What facts indicate that the reform is aimed at humanization of education? Record the numbers under which they are indicated.
1. Increase in the number of training items
2. Reducing the study time of natural sciences
3. Orientation on the interests and tendency of the student
4. Application of technology saving health
5. Cleaning special attention Moral education
6. Computerization of the educational process
7
Choose the right judgments about the banking system and write the numbers under which they are specified.
1. Structural element of the banking system are insurance companies.
2. Reception of contributions from the population refers to the active operations of the commercial bank.
3. The Central Bank is the keeper of the country's gold reserves.
4. Large companies Open your deposit accounts in the Central Bank.
5. The passive operations of the commercial bank include obtaining loans from other banks.
8
Install the correspondence between the functions and levels of the banking system
9
The Government of the State T was able to reduce the deficit of the state budget, reducing the cost of maintaining the state apparatus. What other expenditure articles can be contained in the state budget? Select the desired positions from the list and write the numbers under which they are specified.
1. Sale state Bonds
2. Excise fees
3. Maintenance of the public debt
4. Payment of pensions
5. Contributions on social insurance
10
11
Choose true judgments about social mobility and write the numbers under which they are specified.
1. Inter-flow mobility is a comparative change in social status at various generations.
2. Organized mobility call the movement of man or entire groups up, down or horizontally, which are managed by the state: with the consent of the people themselves, or without their consent.
3. To the horizontal form of mobility refers to obtaining an extraordinary military rank.
4. The human transition to the lower social layer belongs to the vertical type of mobility.
5. Social mobility is a division of society into groups that occupy a different position in society.
12
The figure reflects the situation in the market of meat products (R - the price, Z - the number). Analyze the change in demand (the demand line A moved to the A1 position). What can explain this change?
1. tax benefits For manufacturers of meat products
2. Increased welfare of the majority of consumers
3. An increase in the number of manufacturers of meat products
4. Dissemination of information about animal epidemic disease
5. A religious post has arrived, which adheres to a large number of consumers.
13
Choose faithful judgments about the principles of criminal law.
1. The presumption of guilt acts in criminal law.
2. The principle of non-imposition of punishment is more serious than envisaged during the crime.
3. Criminal responsibility should be made in the prescribed manner, the amount and competent for this government agencies.
4. There is a principle of protecting entrepreneurs and consumers as major subjects of criminal law.
5. No one can suffer criminal liability twice for the same crime.
6. The basic is the equality of the criminal proceedings.
14
Set the compliance between questions and subjects of the state power of the Russian Federation, to which they include: to each position given in the first column, select the appropriate position from the second column.
15
In art. 3 of the Constitution of the Italian Republic is indicated that the task of the state is to eliminate obstacles that actually limit the freedom and equality of citizens, prevent the full development of the human person. What conclusions make this constitutional position? Write down the numbers under which these conclusions are indicated
1. The republic proclaimed the values \u200b\u200bof democratic social state.
2. The republic is characterized by stable social relations.
3. The Republic is a state of well-being with high life standards.
4. Republic is modern state with developed legislation.
5. The republic proclaimed the sovereignty of the people.
6. The republic recognizes a person, his rights and freedoms by the highest value.
16
According to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the government belongs to the branches of the highest state power.
1. Judicial
2. Municipal
3. Executive
4. Party
5. Legislative
6. People's
17
What features are peculiar to such organizational and legal form of an enterprise as joint-stock company? Record the numbers under which they are indicated.
1. The founders can only be citizens
2. Ability to receive dividends
3. The need for personal labor participation in the activities of the enterprise
4. Compensation of debts by own property
5. Fixed profit
6. The risk of losses within the cost of securities.
18
Set the correspondence between legal position Personality in the Russian Federation and the above constitutional rights: to each position given in the first column, select the appropriate position from the second column.
19
Choose true judgments about international law and write the numbers under which they are indicated.
1. A person not only has the rights enshrined in interstate agreements, but also is responsible for violation of principles and norms international law.
2. The subject of international offense and the crime is the state.
3. To war crimes and crimes against humanity, the statute of limitations is not applicable.
4. The number of international crimes includes actions aimed at unleashing or making an aggressive war.
5. An international civil court was created for the prosecution of persons guilty of criminal violations of human rights.
Read the following text in which a number of words are missed. Select from the proposed list of the words you want to insert into the place of pass.
20
"The money was invented ______ (a), first of all, to facilitate the exchange. Initially, the role of money was played by various _____ (b), and only then modern forms of money appeared. The sign of money is the ability to perform functions: funds _____ (c) market value of goods and means of savings. The emergence of modern forms of money was caused by the inconvenience of ____ (g), which requires an emergency multiplicity of relative prices. The money has made it possible to simplify the functioning _____ (e) and facilitated the entire economic life of society. Money, in addition, allows you to express the value of all goods in one _____ (e) and take them into account for the needs of control and management. "
Words (phrases) in the list are given in the nominative case. Each word (phrase) can only be used once.
Choose a sequential one word (phrase) after another, mentally filling each skip. Note that words (phrases) in the list more than you need to fill the passes.
List of terms:
1. Humanity
2. Measure
3. Costs
5. Trade
6. System
7. Profit
8. Items
9. Inflation
Part 2.
Record first task number (28, 29, etc.), and then expanded the answer to it. Records write out clearly and picking up.
Read the text and execute the tasks 21-24.
Culture forms the personality of members of society, thereby largely regulates their behavior. Clifford Girtz calls the culture "The system of regulatory mechanisms, including plans, recipes, rules, instructions ... who serve to manage behavior." He believes that without a culture, people would completely disoriented: "The human behavior would be almost uncontrollable, it would be almost uncontrollable, it would have reduced to spontaneous senseless actions and unrestrained emotions, a person practically could have been able to formed."
How important is the culture for the functioning of an individual and society, one can judge the behavior of people who are not covered by socialization. Uncontrolled, or infantile, the behavior of the so-called jungle children, which turned out to be completely devoid of communication with people, indicates that without socialization, people are not able to assimilate the orderly lifestyle, master the language and learn how to produce livelihoods ...
If culture regulates people's behavior, can we go so far to call it repressive? That is how Sigmund Freud believed. He explored the conflict between culture (or "civilization") and the instinctive principle of human nature. Often, culture really suppresses human encouraging, mainly sexual and aggressive. But it does not exclude them completely. It rather determines the conditions under which they are satisfied ...
But, given the importance of the influence of culture on the behavior of people, we should not exaggerate its capabilities at the same time. Culture's ability to manage human behavior is limited for many reasons. First of all, the biological capabilities of the human body are not limited. Simple mortals can not be taught to jump over high buildingsEven if society appreciates such feats. Similarly, there is a limit of knowledge that can assimilate the human brain ...
Environmental factors also limit the effects of culture. For example, drought or volcanic eruptions can disrupt the established method of agriculture. Environmental factors can prevent the formation of some cultural models. According to the customs of people living in the tropical jungle with a wet climate, it is not accepted for a long time to cultivate certain parts of the Earth, since they cannot be highly obtained high grain yields.
(N. Smelzer)
Show the answer
Tasks from the second part require an expanded response.
The first four tasks 21-24 belong to one text.
All tasks are multi-storey, pay attention to how many answers are required of you.
In this task, two questions, therefore you should have:
Both questions require a response to the text support, it means that you need to write quotes from the text, but if a large segment from text is rewritten with the hope of guess the correct answer, the task will not be assessed positively.
1. The correctness of the content
For this task you can get 2 primary points. One error or one unfulfilled answer will result in the estimate of the task in 1 point. Two mistakes and more, two unfulfilled tasks and more - 0 points.
Name the three reasons that, according to the author, limit the "culture ability to manage human behavior." Attracting social science, facts of public life, name another reason not specified in the text.
Show the answer
The task requires an expanded answer.
It is required to specify three reasons in the text and one reason is not via the text, therefore the answer will consist of four parts. Reasons for text we write in the form of quotes. There may be more than three reasons in the text, you can write more, but only three will be taken into account. Sometimes it is done for the suspension, if doubt the correctness of the reasons found in the text. Be sure to be one reason should not be in the text.
All answers are valued for two criteria:
1. The correctness of the content
2. Number of correct answers.
If you answered correctly, but only one question, the answer will be appreciated by incompleteness.
For this task you can get 3 primary points. One error or one unfulfilled answer will result in the estimate of the task in 2 points. Two mistakes and more, two unfulfilled tasks and more - 1 point, etc.
Illustrate the three examples given by the author thought I.A. Ilyina that a person should always be considered with reality, with these objective circumstances and laws, otherwise he is doomed to failure.
Show the answer
Such examples can be given:
1) Highly estimated its qualifications graduate of the university without experience in six months, I was looking for highly paid job, but employers or preferred candidates with work experience or offered significantly less than he requested, payment;
2) the motorist violated the rules of the road, its actions were recorded by the camcorder, and the motorist had to pay the penalty;
3) The girl ignored the prevention of parents that it was cold outside, and it is necessary to dress warmly, as a result she was cold and got sick.
Other examples can be given
What feature of social knowledge called the author? Using social science knowledge, bring two substantiation of opinion on the possibility of achieving truth in social knowledge.
Show the answer
1) feature: A person is at the same time a subject and the object of social knowledge;
(The peculiarity can be shown in another, close by the meaning of the wording.)
2) justifications:
In social knowledge there are special methods for collecting information, justifying theoretical provisions;
The truth of the results of social knowledge can be confirmed by social practice. However, a proposal with information on types (species) of the state device based on the knowledge of the course, for example: distinguish unitary and federal states.;
(Another offer can be drawn up containing information about the types (types) of the state unit.)
3) one sentence, disclosing the essence of any type (species) of the state device, for example: a federation - the form of a state device, in which territorial units included in the state have political, economic and cultural independence and have their own administrative-territorial division.
(Another offer can be drawn up, disclosing the essence of any type (view) of the state device.)
Give three possible criteria for the classification of political parties and specify the types of parties allocated in each of these classifications.
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The correct answer must contain the following items:
the answer to the question: the basis of the termination of the employment contract was its own employee initiative; Other foundations, for example:
Agreement of the parties;
Termination of the employment contract on the initiative of the employer;
Translation of the employee at his request or with his consent to work to another employer or the transition to the electoral work (position);
Circumstances that do not depend on the will of the Parties ( natural disasters and etc.).
Other justifications can be given
You are instructed to prepare a detailed reply on the topic "Civil society and its role in modern life." Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan should contain at least three items, of which two or more detailed in subparagraphs.
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One of the options for the disclosure plan of this topic:
1. Proclamation of the rights and freedoms of the personality of the highest social value is the prerequisite and condition for the development of civil society.
2. Combining civil society:
a) social movements;
b) cultural, sports organizations;
c) organs local governments;
d) church and others.
3. The main features of civil society:
a) legal security of citizens;
b) a variety of interests and their implementation through various institutions;
c) free expression of public opinion;
d) pluralism;
e) a certain level of civil culture, etc.
4. Functions of civil society:
a) protection of private areas of people's life;
b) control over compliance with the constitutional principles of the legal state;
c) stabilization of social relations.
Other quantities are possible and (or) other correct formulations of points and sub-items of the plan. They can be presented in a popular, questioned or mixed forms.
By performing task 29, you can show your knowledge and skills on the content that is more attractive for you. To this go, choose only one of the statements proposed below (29.1-0.2.5).
Choose one of the proposed statements, discover its meaning in the form of mini-essay, denoting if necessary, different aspects of the problem with the author (affected theme).
With the presentation of his thoughts on the raised problem (designated topic), with the arguments of their point of view, use the knowledge obtained in the study of the social studies, corresponding to the concepts, as well as the facts of public life and their own life experience. (As actual arguments, give at least two examples from various sources.)
29.1. Philosophy "Science is a hypotheses cemetery." (A. Poankar)
29.2. Economy "The main social responsibility of the business is not to promote the growth of poverty and unemployment." (B.S. Eras)
29.3. Sociology, social Psychology "Everyone differs from the other and every day differs from herself." (A. Pop)
29.4. Political science "The best state device For any people, this is what kept it as a whole. " (M. Monten)
29.5. Jurisprudence "The purpose of punishment is not a mission, but a correction." (A.N. Radishchev)
Examination on the topic "Macroeconomic problems". OPTION 1.
Choose true judgments about banking entities and write down numbers , under which they are indicated.
Commercial banks can produce material values.
The central bank may receive deposits and issue loans.
The Central Bank may establish certain financial standards that are obliged to comply with all credit organizations.
Commercial banks can engage in trade and property insurance.
Commercial banks can engage in lending to enterprises, states and population.
The Government of the State T was able to reduce the deficit of the state budget, reducing the cost of maintaining the state apparatus. What other expenditure articles can be contained in the state budget? Select the desired positions from the list and write down.numbers , under which they are indicated.
sale of government bonds
excise fees
service of public debt
payment of pensions
social Insurance Contributions
army content
Choose true tax judgments and write down numbers , under which they are indicated.
Proportional taxation means that the tax depends on the magnitude of the income.
With proportional taxation from high revenues, a larger percentage is charged than from low.
With a progressive system as income increases, the tax rate increases.
With regressive taxation, a family with smaller income pays a greater percentage of its income than a family with high income.
With regressive taxation, equal amounts of tax from all taxpayers may be charged.
Read the following text in which a number of words are missed. Select from the proposed list of the words you want to insert instead of skipping.
"Inflation is a steady (a) growth of the overall price level. Depending on the level of inflation, moderate inflation, galloping inflation, (b) is distinguished. The main cause of inflation economists consider an increase (B). It is the high rates of its growth in order to finance the state budget, which arises due to the fact that the costs (e) exceed its income, serve as the main cause of high inflation. The higher the inflation, the more it (e). "
Words in the list are given in the nominative case. Every word can beused only one .
List of terms:
state
society
costs
trend
development
money mass
securities
deficit
hyperinflation
(A) According to statistics, 60% of Russians have bills in banks. (B) the most terrible enemy of accumulations lying on deposit accounts - inflation. (C) Inflation is a steady trend in the growth of the overall price level. (D) Selecting a currency in which you can store savings, not easy. (E) Deposit rates are always less significant than inflation growth.
actual character
the nature of estimated judgments
the nature of theoretical statements
Market economy is a social division of labor and private property on the means of production. The market guides the activity of people in such a stone, where they best meet the needs of others. The market works without compulsory measures. Maintaining life, health and property against violence, aggression, sell from the internal criminal elements and external enemies - these are the function of the state, the guarantor of the normal operation of the market economy. Individual integrates, as can, independently into the cooperation system.
The market process is the adaptation of individual actions to the requirements of mutual cooperation. Prices indicate manufacturers that, as in what quantity should be produced. The market has a focus in which the types of activity intersect and reflect; From this center they apply further.
The market economy should be strictly distinguished from the second conceaable system. System state owned On the means of production are usually called socialism, communism, planned economy or state capitalism. Market economy, or, as they usually speak, capitalism, and the socialist economy mutually exclude each other. [...]
Capitalism, i.e. A market economy is a system of social interaction and division of labor, based on private ownership of the means of production. Material production factors are owned by individual citizens, capitalists and landowners. Production on factories and farms are organized by entrepreneurs and farmers, i.e. Individuals or Association of Individuals, who either themselves are owners of capital, or borrowed or rent from owners. Characteristic feature Capitalism is free entrepreneurship. The purpose of any entrepreneur, whether it is an industrialist or a farmer, consists in making a profit.
Capitalists, entrepreneurs and farmers play an important role in the field of economics. They stand at the helm and lead the ship. But they are not free to define his course. They are just the steering, they must unquestioned to obey the orders of the captain. Captain is a consumer.
Capitalists, entrepreneurs, farmers do not determine what should be done - consumers make it. Businessmen produce not for their own consumption, but to the market. Their main goal is to sell their products. If consumers do not buy offered goods, a businessman cannot recoup the costs incurred. He loses his money. If he cannot accommodate production to the wishes of consumers, he will very soon to part with his privileged position of the navigator. It will be replaced by others, who better be able to satisfy consumer requests.
(L. Mises)
1. What indicators of production indicate prices in the market conditions? What makes the entrepreneur produce needed people good?
2. How, in the opinion of the author, the function of the state in the conditions of the market? Relying on social science knowledge, specify another feature.
3. The text notes that in the conditions of the market, material factors are in private property. Relying on social science knowledge, name three factors of production and specify each of them.
4. How, in the view of the author, correlate market and planned (state) economy? Do you agree with the author in this matter? Give two arguments in justifying your position.
What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "unemployment"? Attracting the knowledge of a social science rate, make two sentences: one sentence containing information about the types of unemployment, and one proposal that reveals the essence of one of the types of unemployment.
During the discussion, the view was expressed that the extensive path of development of the economy has exhausted itself. Using social scientific knowledge and facts of public life, bring two arguments in support and one argument to refute this opinion.
"Hats tax will increase the price of the hats, the tax on shoes is the price of shoes. Otherwise, such a tax would have been, in the end, was paid by the manufacturer: his profits would fall in comparison with the general norm and he would leave his fishery, "said English economist D. Riccardo. What form of taxes is stated in this statement? Explain your answer and specify who is a collector, and who is a payer of this tax
You are instructed to prepare a detailed reply on the topic "Budget-tax regulation in market conditions". Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan should contain at least three items, of which two or more detailed in subparagraphs.
Examination on the topic "Macroeconomic problems". Option 2.
Choose the right judgments about the banking system and write down numbers , under which they are indicated.
Structural element of the banking system are insurance companies.
Reception of contributions from the population refers to the active operations of the Commercial Bank.
Central Bank - the custodian of the country's gold reserves.
Large enterprises open their deposit accounts in the Central Bank.
Commercial Bank's passive operations include obtaining loans from other banks.
Choose true inflation judgments and write down numbers , under which they are indicated.
Inflation is manifested in reducing purchasing power money.
Distinguish microplation and hyperinflation.
Rising prices for resources generates inflation offer.
One of the reasons for inflation is to strengthen competition between manufacturers.
The effects of inflation include the growth of real wages workers.
At the hope of the son-preschooler, and she in coordination with the leadership of the enterprise is busy at the production of part-time. What other categories, in addition to partially occupied, are included in the country's labor force? Write downnumbers under which such categories are indicated.
housewives
flexible schedule
not working, but its seekers are actively
serving the term of imprisonment in prisons
students of the Day Departments of Universities
in the next vacation
Read the following text in which a number of words are missed. Select from the proposed list of the words you want to insert into the place of pass.
« Market system Management, as well as any other (a), has its advantages and disadvantages. The market system is able to provide fast and efficient (b), incl. by entrepreneurial activity of the population. The market economy is distinguished by a high ability to effectively distribute (B), to rapidly develop and widespread the introduction of competitive (d). In the same time market mechanism Management does not provide complete (e) and stable price level. In addition, it does not create material incentives for the production of those (e), which relate to the so-called public benefits "
Words in the list are given in the nominative case.Each word can only be used. one time. Choose a sequential one word after another, mentally filling each pass. Note that words in the list are more than you need to fill the pass.
List of terms:
the economic growth
goods and services
resources
the state budget
economic system
production technologies
employment
social Differentiation
unemployment
5. Read the text below, each position of which is indicated by a specific letter.
(A) The two largest energy companies stated their merger. (B) It caused a significant increase in the course of the majority of these companies. (C) However, it is unlikely in the conditions of instability of prices for hydrocarbon fuel on the world market, the growth of the shares will be sustainable. (D) Promotions of oil companies become "locomotives" stock market. (E) Shares as securities are representatives of real capital and to a certain extent reflect its magnitude.
Determine which positions of the text have
1) actual character
2) the nature of estimated judgments
3) the nature of theoretical statements
Read the text and execute 1-4 tasks.
Should the state regulate the economy?
Strengthening the role of the government is a major reason for the deterioration of our economy. Incorrect exercise by the Government of Monetary and budget Policy contributed to the instability of the cumulative product and inflation. Government regulation serves as the main reason for reducing the growth rate of labor productivity and decline of research work. Expanding government revenue redistribution programs aggravated instability family life, and perhaps it has led to fall in fertility. Low level The accumulations and slow growth of fixed capital are a consequence of the tax system, government policies and expansion of social insurance programs.(A. Feldstine)
Everyone realizes that the market needs the rules to avoid dangers as monopolies and oligopoly. But for the monopoly of wealth is as detrimental. The state should not refuse to redistribution; It can also not give the market to the market in development ... The main challenge is to establish equality, and for this, the state that globalization considers the stage has passed, is vital. Only it can install progressive taxationadequately regulating privatized public services, support for small and medium-sized companies, great efficiency Public expenses and significant improvement in education and health care.
(R. Alfonsin)
1. Does the position of the authors on the role of the state in a market economy coincide? Give one position from each text confirming your output.
2. How does each of the authors evaluate the value of the state redistribution of income of the population? Why give such an assessment?
3. Specify three negative consequencesto which, according to the author of the first text, leads state regulation In the conditions of the market. Relying on the knowledge from the course of Social Studies, try to prove the unreasonableness of one of these consequences.
4. What, in the view of the author of the second text, useful functions perform the state in the market conditions? (Specify three functions.) Relying on the knowledge of the course of Social Studies, give another necessary function of the state in a market economy.
What is the meaning of social scientists in the concept of "labor market"? Attracting the knowledge of a social science rate, make up two sentences: one sentence containing information about the participants of the labor market, and the second proposal containing information on the form of income received as a result of the use of labor as a production factor.
In a market economy, with certain frequency, decals and lifts of production and business activity are observed. Give three explanations of the reasons cyclic development Economy in market conditions. Specify any of these reasons.
Commercial enterprise "Sigma" is developing and distributed software For computers. Profit obtained from sales is distributed in accordance with the size of the team introduced by each team and the share of his labor participation. What is the organizational and legal form of this enterprise? Specify two signs for which you installed it. Name another additional feature of this organizational and legal form, which is not specified in the Terk Condition.
You are instructed to prepare a detailed answer on the topic of the "Economics of the Company". Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan should contain at least three items, of which two or more detailed in subparagraphs.
